Modern space and defence platforms—from spacecraft and launch vehicles to manned and unmanned aircraft—integrate tightly coupled avionics, propulsion and RF subsystems that must operate in congested and contested electromagnetic environments. Hardware‑in‑the‑loop (HIL) testing connects real controllers and embedded computers to real‑time simulations of the surrounding physical system, enabling early, repeatable validation of embedded software and system behaviour without waiting for full prototypes or range access

This workshop shows how to extend classical controller‑centric HIL to RF subsystems and build end‑to‑end mission‑level simulation benches that bring the complete space or defence system into the lab, shifting system‑level verification much earlier in the lifecycle and reducing dependence on expensive, risk‑prone range campaigns. Participants will learn how a modular PXI‑based platform combines wideband RF instrumentation and real‑time simulation to generate high‑fidelity, dynamic RF environments—including multi‑emitter threat scenarios, radar target emulation and record‑and‑playback of complex IQ data—synchronised with full avionics and flight‑dynamics simulation. By integrating FPGA‑based signal processing and custom EW / COMINT algorithms into this loop, engineers can rigorously validate ELINT/COMINT receivers, cognitive radio payloads and broader EMSO capabilities against realistic, repeatable threats in the safety of the lab, accelerating delivery of mission‑ready systems while significantly reducing cost and risk